Le petit Lexique du Jiu-Jitsu Brésilien
Voici un lexique « Portugais – Anglais – Français » de termes, verbes, expressions employés dans le milieu du jiu-jitsu. Pour le réaliser je me suis servi de différents lexiques (pour la majorité uniquement Portugais-Anglais) existant sur le net. J’ai regroupé le tout et y ai ajouté une traduction française lorsque celle ci était manquante. Bien entendu cette liste n’est ni exhaustive, ni parfaite et ne demande qu’a grossir et être retravaillée de manière à devenir plus longue et plus précise de jours en jours. N’hésitez pas a participer! La liste sera mise à jour en fonction des ajouts et ajustements.
Portugais – Anglais – Français
Quelques verbes couramment utilisés dans le milieu du Jiu-Jitsu (Forme infinitive)
Abraçar – To embrace – Embrasser, Entourer avec les bras
Abrir – To open – Ouvrir
Abriou o bico – To be tired – Etre fatigué
Adiantar (o pé) – To bring (the foot) foward – Avancer (le pied)
Afastar o quadril – To drive aways the hips – Eloigner les hanches
Agarrar – To clinch, to grab – Saisir, Attraper
Agüentar – To endure – Endurer
Agredir – To attack, to insult – Agresser, Insulter
Ajudar – To help – Aider
Alongar – To strech – S’étirer
Ajoelhar – To knee down – Se mettre a genou
Apertar – To squeeze – Serrer
Apoiar-se – To base – S’appuyer
Aquecer – To warm up – S’échauffer
Arriscar – To put at risk – Mettre en danger
Ataquar – To attack – Attaquer
Bater – Tap out – Taper
Botar / Coloquar – To put / To place – Mettre / Placer
Brigar – To brawl – Se bagarrer
Cair – To fall – Tomber
Capotar – To roll over – Rouler en avant, en arrière
Chutar – To kick – Donner un coup de pied
Colocar os ganchos – To put the hooks – Mettre les crochets
Dar preção – To put pressure – Faire pression
Defender – To defend – Défendre
Deitar – To lay down – s’allonger, se coucher
Derrotar – To lose – Perdre
Derrubar (alguém) – To throw (someone) down – Faire tomber quelqu’un
Desafiar – To challenge – Défier
Dobrar (a perna, o braço) – To bend – Plier (la jambe, le bras)
Emplogar – To grip, grasp, seize, grab – Empoigner, Saisir, Attraper
Empurrar – To push – Pousser
Empatar – To draw – Faire match nul
Encachar – To do (a technique) – Rentrer, passer
Escorregar / Deslizar – To slide / to slip – Glisser
Escovar – Win easil, domiate – Gagner facilement
Esmurrar – To punch – Frapper, Cogner
Espancar – To beat up – Tabasser, Battre
Esticar (a perna, o braço) – To strech (the leg, the arm) – Tendre (la jambe, le bras)
Faltar – To stall, fail, lack – Rater, Echec
Fechar – To close – Fermer
Finalizar – To submit – Finaliser, soumettre
Fingir – To fake – Feinter
Fugir – To escape, flee – Sortir, s’échapper
Ganhar – To win, earn, gain – Gagner
Ganhar a esgrima – To get the underhook with one arm – (gagner à l’escrime) Passer le bras sous celui de son adversaire
Girar – To rotate – Tourner
Gritar – To scream, to shout – Crier, Hurler
Jogar – To play – Jouer
Jogar (a perna) – To throw the leg – Lancer la jambe
Levantar – To stand up – Se relever, se mettre debout
Levantar as pernas / os braços – To rise up one’s legs / arms – Lever les jambes / les bras
Levar – To take, carry – Porter
Lutar – To fight, struggle, wrestle – Combattre, lutter
Machucar – To hurt, to injure – Blesser
Matar a posição – To block the position – Bloquer la position
Pasar una técnica – To show a technique – Montrer une technique
Pasar a guarda – To pass the guard – Passer la garde
[/color]Patrocinar – To sponsor – SponsoriserPegar – To get, grab, catch, take – Attraper
Pegar as costas – To take the back – Prendre le dos
Pisar – To step (on something) – Marcher sur quelque chose, poser le pied
Proteger – To protect – Proteger
Puxar – To pull – Tirer
Quebrar – To break, smash, shatter – Casser, Briser
Raspar – To sweep, scrape, shave – Renverser
Rolar – To roll – Tourner
Sair – To exit, leave, escape – Sortir
Sair da posição – To get out the postion – Sortir de la position
Segurar – To hold – Tenir
Sentar-se – To sit – S’asseoir
Socar – To hit, strike – Frapper
Soltar – To release – Lâcher
Subir – To go up – Monter
Tirar – To take off – Enlever, sortir
Torcer – To twist – Tordre
Vencer – To win, To defeat, conquer, vanquish – Gagner, Vaincre
Virar – To turn – Tourner
Virar barriga por chão / por cima – To lay down on one’s stomach / back – Se mettre à plat ventre / dos
Virar o quadril – To swing the hips – Tourner les hanches
Virar de quatro – To go on turtle position – Se mettre en position de la tortue
Les Parties du Corps
A boca – The mouth – La bouche
O antebraço – The forearm – L’avant bras
A barriga – The stomach – Le ventre
O braço – The arm – Le bras
A bunda – The ass, The butt – Le cul, Les fesses
O calcanhar – The heel – Le talon
A canela – The shin – le Tibia
A cabeça – The head – La tête
Os cabelos – The hairs – Les cheveux
A cintura – The waist – La taille
As costas – The back – Le dos
As costelas – The ribs – Les côtes
O cotovelo – The elbow – Le coude
A coxa – The tigh – La cuisse
O dedo de mão – The finger – Le doigt
O dedo de pé – The toe – L’orteille
O dente – The tooth – La dent
O estomago – The stomach – L’estomac
O joelho – The knee – Le genou
O lumbar – The lower back – Les lombaires
A mão – The hand – La main
O nariz – The nose – Le nez
A nuca – The back of neck – La nuque
O pescoço – The neck – Le cou
O peito – The chest – La poitrine
O olho – The eye – L’oeil
O ombro – The shoulder – L’épaule
A omoplata – The shoulderblade – L’omoplate
A orelha – The ear – L’oreille
O pé – The foot – Le pied
A ponta do pé – The tip of the foot – La pointe du pied
Os pelos – The (body) hair – Les poils
A perna – The leg – La jambe
O pulso – The wrist – Le poignet
O quadril – The hip – La hanche
O queixo – The chin, The jaw – Le menton, La mâchoire
O rosto – The face – Le visage
A testa – The forehead – Le front
O tornozelo – The ankle – La cheville
A unha – The nail – L’ongle
Les Termes techniques:
A finalização – The submission – La soumission
Uma chave de braço – An arm bar – Une clef de bras
Uma chave de perna – A Leglock – Une clef de jambe
Uma chave de pescoço – A neck crank – Une clef de cou
Uma chave de joelho – A knee bar – Une clef de genou
Uma chave de tornozelo – An anklelock – Une clef de cheville
Uma Chave de biceps – A biceps crush – Une clef de biceps
Uma Kimura – Ude Garami (shoulder lock) – Une Kimura (clef d’épaule)
Uma mão de vaca – a Wristlock – Une clef de poignet
Um estrangulamento – A choke – Un étranglement
Um strangulamnto de gola – A colar choke – Un étranglement avec le col
Um triângulo – A triangle choke – Un triangle
Um mata leão – (Lion killer) A rear naked choke – (Tuer le lion) Un étranglement arrière
Uma Guilhotina – A guillotine – Une guillotine
Um Crucifixo – A hell choke – Un crucifix
Um ezequiel – A forearms choke – Un ezequiel (étranglement)
Um Relogio – (A clock) Koshi jime choke – (Horloge) Un étranglement relogio
O movimento – The movement, the motion – le mouvement
Um agachamento – A squat – Un squat
Uma posição – A position – Une position
Um raspagem – A sweep – Un renversement
A queda – The fall – La chute
A Baiana – A double leg, a Takedown – Une baiana, une mise au sol
A pegada – The hold – La prise
A guarda – The guard – La garde
A meia guarda – The half guard – La demi garde
A guarda aberta – The open guard – la garde ouverte
A guarda fechada – The closed guard – La garde fermée
A guarda aranha – The spider guard – La garde araignée
A guarda sentada – The butterfly guard – La garde papillon
A Montada – The Mount – position montée
O cem quilos – Side mount – (100 kilos) Position en croix
Barrigada – Bridge – Ponter
Dar um rola – Spar, roll. – Tourner
Fuga de quadril – Hip Scape – Sortie de hanche
Gancho – Hook – Crochet
Macete – Detail – Détail
O joelho na barriga – The knee on the belly – Le genou sur le Plexus
Vai – Go – Commencez a tourner
Tempo – Time (stop rolling) – Stop (arretez de tourner)
Joga por baixo – play from bottom – travailler depuis le sol
Joga por cima – Play from top – travailler debout
Les Termes de Competition
A area de combate – The fighting area – L’aire de combat
O arbitro – The referee – L’arbitre
O opponente / O adversario – The opponent – L’adversaire
Os pontos – The points – Les points
A vantagem – An avantage – Un avantage
Uma punição – A penalty – Une faute
O patrocinator – The Sponsor – Le sponsor
Prohibido – Forbidden – Interdit
Equipe – Team – Equipe
Parou! – Stop! – Stop!
Regra – Rules – Règles
Les termes utilisés par les coaches en competition
Passa, Passa! – Pass the guard! – Passe la garde!
Raspa, Raspa! – Sweep, Sweep! – Renverse le!
Puxa a guarda! – Pull the guard! – Tire dans la garde!
Fecha a guarda! – Close the guard – Ferme la garde!
Baiana! – Double Leg! – Takedown! – Mise au sol
Levanta! – Stand up! – Leve toi!
Vira! – Turn! – Tourne!
Vira de quarto! – Turtle Position! – A quatre pattes!
Nao Para! – Don’t Stop! – N’arrete pas!
Ganhar – To win – Gagner
Lutar – To Fight – Combattre
Tempo? – Time? – Combien de temps reste-t-il?
Amarrando Juiz! – Stalling Referee! – Il bloque Arbitre!
Amassa! – Smash! – Ecrase le (mettre du poids)
Gira – Turn (normally to escape from an armbar) – Tourne (dans le sens de sortir d’une clef de bras)
Abaixa a bunda – Lower the butt – Abaisse tes fesses, abaisse toi
Bota pra dormir – Put to sleep – Endors le
Relaxa – Relax – Relax
Relaxa, ta em casa. – Relax, you are at home, this is your game. – Relax, tu es chez toi, tu domines le match
Vamos em bora (Vumbora, bora!!) – Let’s go! – en avant!
Bom! – Good! – Bien!
Ae! (Aeeeee!) – That’s it! – C’est ça!
Morreu! – Dead tired! – Mort de fatigue, carbonisé
Passou o carro – (being rolled over by a car) Win easily, dominate. – Gagner facilement.
Passou o rodo – win easily, dominate. – gagner facilement.
Quelques termes en rapport avec le jiu-jitsu
Creonte – A fighter who change teams and schools (traitor) – Un combattant qui a changé d’Académie et d’équipe (un traître)
Mutuca – Chicken out – Se dégonfler
Guardeiro – A fighter who likes to pull guard – Un combattant qui aime tirer dans la garde (et, ou) qui aime travailler depuis la garde
Passador – A fighter who likes to pass guard – Un combattant qui passe facilement les gardes
Grosso – A bad fighter (Not good technique) – Un mauvais combattant (pas très technique)
Sapateiro – (A shoemaker) A fighter who likes to attack the feet. – (Un cordonier) Un combattant qui aime les clefs de chevilles
Maria Tatame – A girl who only go out with fighters – une fille qui ne sort qu’avec des combattants
Bombado – A guy who uses steroids – Un mec qui se dope
Marmelada – Worked fight – Combat truqué
Cara – Guy – Mec
Corrido – Fast – Vite
Morreu – (Dead) tired – (Mort) fatigué
Mais o menos – More or less – Plus ou moins
Barato – cheap / cool – bon marché / cool
Carioca – A guy from Rio – Un mec de Rio
Paulista – A guy from Sao Paulo – Un mec de Sao Paulo
Duro – Tough Guy – Un dur
Pedrera, casca grossa, cascudo, bicho – Tough Guy – Fort, Ballèze
Giria – Slang – Argot
Forte – Strong – Fort
Macete – details – détails
Macetoso – A « technical » fighter – Un combattant tehnique
O guerreiro – A warrior – Un guerrier
Amarelo – Coward – Froussard
Fraco – Week – Faible
Esgotado – Tired – Fatigué
Gas – Stamina -Endurance
Nocaute – knockout – KO
Cabeçada – Head butt – Coup de tête
Joelhada – Knee strike – Coup de genou
Pancada / porrada / saca – Punch – Coup de poing
Pontape – A kick – Coup de pied
soco – punch – coup de poing
Queda – (fall) takedown – (Chute) mise au sol
Estou cansado / Estou morto – I’m tired – Je suis fatiqué / crevé
Marrento / marrudo – Cocky, arrogant – prétentieux, arrogant
Sangue Bom – Good Guy – un mec cool
Sarado – Buffed Guy – un mec bodybuildé
Uma lesão, um ferrimento – an injury – une blessure
Equipe – Team – Equipe
Torcida – Fans, supporters – Supporters
Quimono / Kimono / Gi – Kimono / Gi – Kimono
A manga – The sleeve – La manche
A gola – The collar – Le col
A calça – The pants – Le pantalon
A parte de cima – The jacket – La veste
Sem pano – No gi – sans Kimono
Cai bem – Fit well – A la bonne taille (se dit pour une ceinture qu’on mérite)
Faixa frouxa – Fits loose (undeserved belt) – Portée trop grande (se dit d’une ceinture pas méritée)
Faixa pesada – Fits heavy (well deserved belt) -Bien ajustée (Se dit d’une ceinture qui est méritée)
Faixa – Belt – Ceinture
Branca – White – Blanche
Azul – Blue – Bleue
Roxa – Purple – Violette
Marrom – Brown – Marron
Preta – Black – Noire
Um grau – A dan – Un dan
Uma academia – A gym – Une salle, une académie
Chão – the floor / the ground – le sol
O tatame – The mat – Le tatami
A graduação – The grading – Remise de ceinture
Galo – Rooster – Coq (-57,50 Kg)
Pluma – Superfeather – Plume (-64,00 Kg)
Pena – feather – Pena (-70,00 Kg)
Leve – Light – Léger (-76,00 Kg)
Medio – Middle – Moyen (-82,30 Kg)
Meio Pesado – Medium Heavy – Mi-lourd (-88,30 Kg)
Pesado – Heavy – Lourd (-94,30 Kg)
Super Pesado – Super Heavy – Super Lourd (-100,50 Kg)
Pesadissimo – Super Super Heavy – Super Super Lourd (+100,50 Kg)
Absoluto – Absolute, Unlimited – Toutes Catégories
References:
http://www.graciebarraamerica.com
http://www.global-training-report.com
http://www.fernandoboi.com
http://www.trianglebjj.com
http://www.ibjjf.org
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